Veterinary Rx

[Veterinary Drug Name]

Generic name: Dexamethasone Sodium Phosphate Injection

Trade name: Tiluoer

English name: Dexamethasone Sodium Phosphate Injection

Pinyin: Disaimisong Linsuanna Zhusheye

[Main Ingredients] Dexamethasone sodium phosphate

[Description] This drug is of colorless transparent liquid.

[Pharmacological Action] The actions of dexamethasone are broadly akin to those of Hydrocortisone, yet it exerts a more intense effect, exhibits a more enduring onset, and is associated with minimal side effects. Comparatively, dexamethasone’s anti-inflammatory and glycogenetic activities are 25-fold those of Hydrocortisone, and its actions regarding water and sodium retention and potassium excretion are marginally lower than hydrocortisone’s. The drug wields a more potent inhibitory influence on the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis. Beyond its previously stated functions, dexamethasone is also utilized for the induction of synchronized parturition in dams; however, its use may be accompanied by an elevated incidence of placental retention, a procrastination in the onset of lactation, and a slower return to the uterus’s normal condition.

Following intramuscular administration in canines, the drug demonstrates prompt systemic efficacy, achieving peak plasma levels within 0.5 hours, and possesses an elimination half-life of approximately 48 hours, with the majority of the drug being eliminated via fecal and urinary excretion.

[Drug Interaction] (1) Hepatic enzyme inducers like phenobarbital can speed up the metabolism of this type of drug, thereby diminishing their effectiveness.

(2) The elimination of salicylates is hastened, which can lessen their therapeutic efficacy, and there is an increased risk of gastrointestinal ulcers when they are used concomitantly.

(3) Its administration can lead to a decrease in the effectiveness of oral anticoagulants, and it may be necessary to adjust the dosage of anticoagulants when they are used together.

(4) When thiazide diuretics are co-administered, they enhance potassium excretion, so it is important to monitor and supplement potassium levels.

[Function and Use] Glucocorticoid, having anti-inflammatory, antiallergic, and effects on sugar metabolism, among other actions, for inflammatory and allergic diseases, as well as bovine ketosis and ovine pregnancy toxemia.

[Dosage and Administration] Intramuscular and intravenous injection: 2.5–5 ml/day for horses; 5–20 ml/day for cattle; 4–12 ml/day for sheep and pigs; 0.125–1 ml/day for dogs and cats.

[Adverse Reaction] (1) This drug exhibits potent sodium and water retention coupled with potassium excretion.

        (2) It wields a significant immunosuppression action.

        (3) Administering high doses during the later stages of pregnancy may lead to miscarriage.

(4) In canines, it may result in dullness, dryness of the coat, weight increase, dyspnea, emesis, diarrhea, elevated hepatic drug metabolism enzymes, pancreatic inflammation, gastrointestinal ulcers, hyperlipidemia, precipitation or intensification of diabetes mellitus, muscle wasting, behavioral alterations (lethargy, somnolence, aggression), and it may necessitate the cessation of treatment.

(5) Feline patients may occasionally present with polydipsia, polyphagia, polyuria, weight gain, diarrhea, or mental depression. Chronic high-dose therapy can lead to disorders in corticosteroid secretion.

[Precautions] (1) Its use is prohibited in pregnant livestock during the initial and final stages of gestation.

(2) It is contraindicated for animals with severe hepatic impairment, osteomalacia, during the treatment phase of fractures, the period of wound repair, and the vaccination period.

(3) The utilization and application of this medication should be stringently regulated to avoid its indiscriminate use.

(4) In cases of bacterial infections, it should be co-administered with antibacterial agents.

(5) Discontinuation of long-term treatment should be gradual, with a tapering down of the dosage until complete cessation.

[Withdrawal Period] 21 days for cattle, sheep and pigs; 3 days for the weaning period.

[Specification] 5ml: 5mg

[Package] 5ml/pc × 10 pcs/box × 40 boxes/carton

[Storage] It should be kept out of light and tightly sealed for storage.

[Shelf Life] 2 years

[Production License No.] (2022) SYSCZZ No. 08019

[GMP Certificate No.] (2022) SY GMP ZZ No. 08010

[Approval No.] SYZ No. 080192530

[Executive Standard] Volume I of Veterinary Pharmacopoeia of the People’s Republic of China (2020 Edition)